Financial and Economic Data Relating to NATO Defence
Defence expenditures of NATO countries (1990-2013)
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The figures given in Table 1 represent payments actually made or to be made during the course of the fiscal year. They are based on the NATO definition of defence expenditure. In view of the differences between this and national definitions, the figures shown may diverge considerably from those which are quoted by national authorities or given in national budgets. Research and development expenditures related to major equipment are included in equipment expenditures and pensions paid to retirees in personnel expenditures.
Defence expenditures as of 2002 and personnel figures as of 2003 have been calculated on the basis of the revised NATO definition agreed in 2004, which excluded expenditure on Other Forces from the totals reported to NATO, except in the case of those elements of Other Forces which are structured, equipped and trained to support defence forces and which are realistically deployable. Most nations have reported defence expenditures according to this new definition, and in some cases (France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal and Turkey), this has resulted in a significant apparent decrease in defence expenditures.
SUMMARY
Table 1: Total defence expenditures
Table 2: Gross domestic product (GDP) and defence expenditure annual volume change (%)
Table 3: Defence expenditures as a percentage of GDP
Table 4: GDP and defence expenditures per capita
Table 5: Distribution of defence expenditures by category
Table 6: Armed forces
READER'S GUIDE
- Prior to 2010, the defence data relating to France is indicative only.
- Iceland has no armed forces.
- The Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland joined the Alliance in 1999.
- From 2001 on, United Kingdom has changed its accounting system for defence expenditures from "cash basis" to "resource basis".
- For nine European NATO member countries, monetary values are expressed in national currencies up to 2001. As from 2002, they are expressed in Euros. Monetary values, from 2007 for Slovenia, from 2009 for Slovak Republic and from 2011 for Estonia are also expressed in Euros.
- Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia joined the Alliance in 2004.
- From 2005 onwards, monetary values for Turkey are expressed in new currency unit.
- Albania and Croatia joined the Alliance in 2009.
- To avoid any ambiguity the fiscal year has been designated by the year which includes the highest number of months: e.g. 2011 represents the fiscal year 2011/2012 for Canada and United Kingdom and the fiscal year 2010/2011 for the United States.
- Because of rounding, the total figures may differ from the sum of their components.
| Conventional signs: | e | estimated | - | nil |
| .. | not available | // | not applicable | |
| | | break in continuity of series | . | decimal point |